The active ingredients (hyaluronic acid, panthenol, xylitol, betaine, glycerin) are naturally occurring or naturally derived. The formula contains a small amount of preservative (phenoxyethanol, ethylhexylglycerin) to keep it stable, plus natural sweetener (sucralose) so it's palatable enough to leave on the gums without rinsing. It's fluoride-free, SLS-free, and microbiome-safe.